The nonradiative transition costs follow the method WNR = W (0) exp(-alphap), in which p is the volume of phonons matching the Power hole. The nonradiative changeover rates of Er3+ exhibit temperature dependence according to the multiphonon relaxation concept. In Tm3+ the temperature dependence of nonradiative leisure fees is challenging https://xiaopingi148rqq8.mycoolwiki.com/user