Abstract Non-proteinaceous components in membranes regulate membrane protein insertion cooperatively with proteinaceous translocons. An endogenous glycolipid in the Escherichia coli membrane called membrane protein integrase (MPIase) is one such component. Here. we focused on the Sec translocon-independent pathway and examined the mechanisms of MPIase-facilitated protein insertion usi... https://jalyttlers.shop/product-category/slotted-spoon/